Extraction of iron from its ore haematite pdf

Extraction of iron from haematite lets learn nepal. Iron ore, haematite often contains sand with iron oxide, fe2o3. A mixture of crushed iron ore, coke an almost pure form of carbon and limestone is fed into the top of the blast furnace. Iron is extracted from its ore, haematite, by reduction with carbon. The most common ore of iron is called haematite ironiii oxide. The most commonly mined type is hematite, particularly in brazil, china and australia, where it makes up 96% of all exports. The most important raw materials or ores from which iron metal extracted are oxide ores i. Magnetite fe 3 o 4 red haematite fe 2 o 3 brown haematic limonite fe 2 o 3. Aluminium its chief ore, bauxite is available in india in abundance. In a blast furnace oxide ores of iron, after concentration through calcinationroasting are mixed with limestone and coke are fed from its top. The extraction experiments were performed on iron ore fines.

Blast furnace consists of a thick wall lined by silicon bricks which helps to retain the hot temperature. The step by step process of extracting iron from its ore using the blast furnace. This is the most important zone and has temperature of 600700 0 c. In this zone fe 2 o 3 is reduced to iron by co in three steps. Cbse ncert notes class 12 chemistry isolation of elements. The minerals content and its magnetic properties of iron ore from lhoong mining.

Haematite ore being oxide ore is concentrated by gravity separation process using hydraulic separator. The best known iron ore is called haematite haem means iron, as in haemoglobin it contains iron oxide and many impurities. In this metallurgical operation, the ore is concentrated by removing impurities like soil etc. The process involves the crushing and washing of ore. Unlike mineral sulfide ores, iron ore does not provide an energy source e. Hematite, also spelled as haematite, is a common iron oxide with a formula of fe 2 o 3 and is widespread in rocks and soils. Extraction of iron examples, answers, activities, experiment. Extraction of iron study material for iit jee askiitians. The oxygen must be removed from the iron oxide to leave the iron behind. It has slightly lower carbon content about 3% and is extremely hard and brittle.

The diagram shows the blast furnace for the extraction of iron from its ore, taken as haematite. The ores are crushed in jaw crusher and powdered in ball mills. Direct biohydrometallurgical extraction of iron from ore osti. Study of hematite mineral fe2o3 extracted from natural iron ore. Firstly, the carbon in the blast furnace burns with the hot air to form carbon dioxide. Igcse extraction of metals from ores notes igcse and ial.

Extraction of iron in a blast furnace reduction haematite o. The iron ore contains impurities, mainly silica silicon dioxide. The slag is lighter than molten iron and to floats on the surface of the iron. Hematite ore is a directshipping ore with naturally high iron content. The extraction of iron from its ores is quite a technical process. An ore is a mineral deposit that can be mined and refined at profit.

The various steps involved in the process are as follows. Extraction of iron introduction iron is extracted from its ore called haematite fe2o3. Concentration of ore calcination or roasting of ore reduction of ore. By producing metallic iron directly at the mine site, the iron ore producers will be able to greatly expand their potential markets and improve their competitive. If all the carbon is removed from the iron to give high purity iron, it is known as wrought iron. Cast iron is different from pig iron and is made by melting pig iron with scrap iron and coke using hot air blast. The oxide is being heavier settles to the bottom while lighter impurities come to the surface and is removed. Extracting iron iron and aluminium gcse chemistry single. Explain the extraction of iron from haematite chemistry. The purpose of a blast furnace is to reduce the concentrated ore chemically to its liquid metal state. The crushed ore is washed with steam or cold water to remove clay and sand.

The iron ore is first roasted in air to produce ironiii oxide which is mixed with coke and limestone and then further heated to a very high temperature in a blast furnace. Iron is extracted from iron ore in a huge container called a blast furnace. The process of the extraction of iron from haematite ore is carried out by the following steps. This takes place in a blast furnace named after blasts of air 20% oxygen, heated to c, which are blasted into the bottom of the furnace. The iron found in iron ores are found in the form of iron oxides. The production of iron from its ore involves an oxidationreduction reaction carried out in a blast furnace. Reactions in which oxygen is removed are called reduction reactions. The common ores of iron are both iron oxides, and these can be reduced to iron by heating. It is more economical to extract iron from others minerals. Iron ore is usually a mixture of iron and vast quantities of impurities such as sand and clay referred to as gangue. Coke is produced by heating coal in the absence of air. Iron compounds are found in rocks we call rocks with high percentages of iron compounds iron ore. Because of this is can be smelted displaced from iron compounds by heating with carbon coke.

Carbon monoxide reduces iron iii oxide in haematite to iron. Hematite forms in the shape of crystals through the rhombohedral lattice system, and it has the same crystal structure as ilmenite and corundum. The oxygen must be removed from the iron iii oxide in. This involves the crushing of the oxide ore to produce lumps. Chemistry extraction of iron in blast furnace egogy. Extraction of iron metallurgy blast furnace and reactions. Major iron ore mining is done in goa, madhya pradesh, bihar, karnataka, orissa and maharashtra. The cast iron is generally extracted from haematite fe 2 o 3. Because of its high iron content, hematite ore must undergo only a simple crushing. This section deals with the types of iron and steel which are produced as a result of the steelmaking process.

Chemical reactions that take place in a blast furnace 4. But if we use zinc to extract iron, then the zinc is gone. Coke is cheap and provides both the reducing agent for the reaction and also the heat source. We normally obtain iron from an ore called haematite which contains iron oxide.

The iron obtained from blast furnace contains about 4% carbon and some other impurities. Extraction of iron from haematite grade 12 science notes. Iron ores such as haematite contain iron iii oxide, fe 2 o 3. The first stage involved in the manufacture of iron is the reduction of oxide ores in a blast furnace as given in fig. We are a largescale manufacturer specializing in producing various mining machines including different types of sand and gravel equipment, milling equipment, mineral processing equipment and building materials equipment. The iron ores are first broken into small pieces 35 cm in size. Describe the extraction of iron from its hematite ore in. The principles of selective reduction and extraction of iron from lean and. In the blast furnace process, the first step on the way towards heavy plate, pig iron is produced from iron ore. Choose from 146 different sets of extraction of iron flashcards on quizlet. Extraction of iron is based on the reduction of haematite fe2o3 with carbon. These materials are loaded into the blast furnace from the top while a blast of hot air is introduced. Learn extraction of iron with free interactive flashcards.

The common ores of iron are both iron oxides, and these can be reduced to iron by heating them with carbon in the form of coke. Chemistry extraction of iron in blast furnace egogy youtube. The extraction of iron from its ore is a long and subdued process, that helps in separating the useful components from the waste materials such as slag. Methods for turning the metal compounds in ores into metals depend on.

Iron is extracted from its chief ore haematite fe 2 o 3. The environmental impact of iron ore mining, in all its phases of, from excavation to beneficiation to transportation, may include detrimental effects on air quality, water quality, and biological species. The haematite reacts with carbon in the cast iron to give pure iron and carbon monoxide gas which escapes. The process of the extraction of iron is carried out by the following steps. Why is iron extracted from haematite, instead of iron pyrites. In a blast furnace oxide ores of iron, after concentration through calcinationroasting are mixed with limestone. Pdf the depletion of highquality ore deposits makes it necessary to. The charge is placed a giant chimney called a blast furnace. The ore itself is a deep, brownish red colour which is where the name comes from haima is the greek word for blood and has a chemical formula of fe2o3 and is also known as ferric oxide. Extracting iron from iron ore using a blast furnace. Iron iron ore reserves in the country are estimated at 1750 crore tonnes.

Write the equations for each of the following reactions. We can react a more reactive metal such as zinc with haematite, which will displace iron from the oxygen. All the other metals we use are extracted from their ores by chemical processes. To have iron from haematite we must remove the attached oxygen. The oxygen must be removed from the ironiii oxide in. In some places, the mineral deposits in rock contain a high concentration of one metal.